The Impact of the London City Airport Expansion on the Surrounding Essay

The Impact of the London City Airport Expansion on the Surrounding Property Values - Essay Example It is the main Airport found only two miles from the site of the 2012 Olympic Games and three miles from Canary Wharf. As a major aspect of the extension program for it takeoff relax, London City Airport burned through  £30 million (US$60 million) for the development of four new airplane stopping stands (Bonnassies, 2008). Essentially, the said extension venture was in the end finished back in May 2008. Reg Ward, the Chief Executive of the London Docklands Development Corporation (LDDC), was the principal individual who created vital ways on the best way to expand the operational proficiency of the air terminal in 1981 (London City Airport Consultative Committee, 2009). It was in 1987 when the London City Airport was allowed for course licenses from the CAA before it was formally opened. One year after the air terminal was opened to general society, LDDC figured out how to deal with as much as 133,000 travelers inside its first year of activity (London City Airport Consultative Committee, 2009). The runway of the air terminal was just 1,080 meters long with a coast incline of 7.5 degrees. Because of the restricted space, LDDC figured out how to serve just a couple of quantities of little size airplane. In those days, LDDC was offering its runway just to De Havilland Canada Dash 7 and the littler Dornier Do 228 which are regularly utilized for traveler administrations, cargo, and oth er observation and military purposes (London City Airport Consultative Committee, 2009b). To offer its assistance to bigger airplane types, LDDC chose to extend its runway in 1989. In 1990, LDDC had the option to deal with as much as 230,000 travelers (London City Airport Consultative Committee, 2009). Be that as it may, the quantity of travelers altogether diminished after the frequency of the Gulf War. It was uniquely until 1993 when the air terminal figured out how to build the quantity of travelers up to 245,000 (London City Airport Consultative Committee, 2009). During that year, LDDC’s broadened

External Environment Analysis Essay

The Coca-Cola Company owes the accomplishment of its inward activities to its standards of corporate obligation. The firm has joined an able morals program; this will manage their representatives, and guarantee them development, accomplishment, and fulfillment for their occupations. So as to make this conceivable, The belief system of corporate obligation is directed and declared by the Public Policy and Corporate Reputation Council. The Council is involved by a gathering of ranking directors from every drink and packaging organization in the business. It discovers the dangers and openings that each organization in the business experiences. The PPCR Council exhorts drink organizations in their representative administration and tasks. Possible business systems are created so as to accomplish development and progress for drink organizations like the Coca-Cola Company (The Coca-Cola Company,2008). The firm accepts there is no Coke without the nearness of its productive representatives, which is the significant power behind more than palatable outcomes for the development and progress of the organization. Its tasks are supported by imaginative reasoning, one of a kind viewpoints, and operational greatness of the workforce, which continues overall revenues of the firm just as its picture. In view of this, the organization perceives the pivotal job of its workforce plays in its overall activities. The Coca-Cola Company puts a premium on work fulfillment. The firm guarantees that the Coca-Cola working environment is a domain where individuals can produce brilliant info and enlarge their exhibition while getting a charge out of what they do (The Coca-Cola Company,2008). Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Supplier Power Coca-Cola’s providers have been clamoring at expanded costs for crude materials utilized in assembling their items. As a rule, these providers are answerable at the costs of crude materials to increment. Providers have picked up the reputation of controlling the expense of crude materials, which creates a conscious impact on the firm’s part. Providers are increasingly manipulative at whatever point the quantity of providers is low. This gives the bunch of providers to raise the cost of crude materials, which thus leaves firms line Coca-Cola’s no further alternatives to buy wares of lower cost. A worldwide brand like Coca-Cola’s is normally answerable for improving the working conditions inside their processing plants (Foust, 2006). The firm gives the genuinely necessary specialized help, which help increase the presentation of both assembly line laborers and shop floor representatives. Purchaser Power Buyer power is additionally viewed as the spending limit of the customer. In the athletic shoe industry, the purchaser power is solid. This viewpoint basically expresses that the purchaser or the buyer has consistently has a â€Å"say† on the cost of specific great. Moreover, purchaser power is viewed as vital because of the way that it deliberaty affects the business. Be that as it may, softdrink organizations like Coca-Cola’s has a circumspect common course of action with respect to the part of purchaser power. These immaterial common agreements between the firm and its customers have been obvious for a long while now (Foust, 2006). Firms have been enabling customers to increase their purchaser power. Purchaser power has a relationship with provider power also. A firm like Coca-Cola’s opines for the expense of crude materials it procures from its providers. Purchaser power is a serious sensitive issue to expound on. The asymmetry between the purchaser and the business produces a pack of errors, which adds to a conflicting economic situation and forestalls forward incorporation. Boundaries and Threats of Entry Perennial opponent organizations like PepsiCo and RC Cola are by all account not the only ones who represent a danger for the organization. Novice softdrink organizations both local and worldwide are continually endeavoring enter the business will likewise have a conscious impact in the business. The result will be a vacillation in level of the piece of the overall industry of softdrink organizations. Coca-Cola’s does its part through contemplating potential market portions to allure. Firms that will in general enter and leave a market are exposed to ostensible benefits (Foust, 2006). Serious Rivalry Coca-Cola’s consistently endeavors to get by in a serious industry through the guide of its upper hand. For the plenty of softdrink organizations, rivalry consistently matters so as to support benefit. Coca-Cola’s increases their publicizing and showcasing system by its appealling way to deal with its promoting. The worldwide softdrink industry is exceptionally serious (Foust, 2006). The organization needs to rival national and household retailers, for example, rebate store chains, retail chains, autonomous retail locations, and web retailers that take into account a specific market portion of comparative product. The organization has experienced hardened rivalry in Asian markets, which go from provincial to mainstream stores. Danger of Alternative Products and Substitutes The clear danger of option or substitute items is a typical misfortune for Coca-Cola’s. Various softdrink organizations have consistently endeavored to overpower Coca-Cola’s ‘s piece of the overall industry through endeavors in less expensive value developments with the end goal for customers to consider different brands beside Coca-Cola’s. The subject of value versatility surfaces at whatever point the value change of an elective item influences as the interest for such item. The business where Coca-Cola’s flourishes is soaked by a pack of substitute items, which to tend to compelled the capacity of these organizations to make an expansion in costs. The softdrink business is consistently irregular and imaginative as far as assembling items, which can attract shoppers to buy their items. The result is a disappointment in deals for the Coca-Cola Company (Foust, 2006). Reference The Coca-Cola Company. (2008). Administration and Ethics. Recovered June 29, 2008, from http://www. thecoca-colacompany. com/citizenship/governance_ethics. html The Coca-Cola Company. (2008). Commitment. Recovered June 29, 2008, from http://www. thecoca-colacompany. com/citizenship/commitment. html Foust, D. (2006). Sovereign of Pop. Business Week. New York: Aug 7, 2006. , Iss. 3996; pg. 44 Foust, D. and Byrnes, N. Gone Flat. (2004). Business Week. New York: December 20, 2004, Issue 3913: page 76

SIPASA MIA President COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

SIPASA MIA President COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Last week I posted an entry from the SIPASA MPA President and this week we hear from the MIA President, William Bairamian.   One student each from the MPA and MIA programs serve in a co-president role and William represented the MIA students. ____________________________ Dear Prospective Student, I am excited that you are interested in attending one of the premier international relations schools in the world.   For the past year, I have served as president of the MPA class and co-president of the SIPA Student Association. During your research on graduate schools, you probably have read a lot about the great academicians in residence at SIPA and the array of resources available to students at Columbia University. On our Web site and on the admissions blog you probably have heard a lot about New York City and the innumerable opportunities available here. But since all that information is easy to find, I want to tell you about some of the things you do not usually hear about. Before I came to SIPA, I wondered why they cared so much about each applicant’s background and experience but once I got here, it became clear. My fellow students have been an unforgettable part of my social experience at SIPA and I have learned as much from them as I have in class. When a person asks me about the best part of going to school here, I immediately start talking about my friends. This is because they have lived and worked everywhere, in every conflict zone and every world capital. The admissions office makes a point of bringing students to SIPA that are different but who complement each other and this is what makes the SIPA experience distinct from what might be offered in other programs. Additionally, I have found that the administration is always open to suggestions about how to improve the school.   Although in many school settings it may seem like the decisions are made in the Office of the Dean and passed down to the students, at SIPA, the students are regularly asked for feedback about their classes, their career search, and their social life. This constant interaction and communication only serves to improve life at SIPA for the student body. It’s difficult to know what to expect before you start going to a school. For this reason, I encourage you to use the tools the admissions office provides you with to have your questions answered.   One of these tools for admitted students is a message board that is made available after admission decisions go out.   Interacting with students on the message board will allow you to talk with people who were in your shoes a year or two before and they can tell you why they made the choice to attend SIPA. I wish you all the best in the application process! Kind Regards, William A. Bairamian

New Zealand Idea Challenge - 1239 Words

Innovent 303 – Idea Challenge Funvironment New Zealand was ranked second in the world for ease of doing business (World Bank, 2016) and fourth for attractiveness to foreign investors (Milken Institute, 2015). These make New Zealand a favour place for entrepreneur to run a small to medium-size business. With increasing start-up opportunities, the entrepreneur education and training for New Zealand primary and secondary students (years 1-13) do not meet the needs of entrepreneurial practices. According to Vecchio’s Entrepreneurship’s Big Five, the entrepreneurial practices include risk-taking propensity, need for achievement, need for autonomy, self-efficacy, and internal locus of control (Nielsen et al, 2012). This essay will provide a solution to address this challenge, in particular, the use of Funvironment. Funvironment is an online social learning application for primary and secondary students to provide learning environment for children that foster creativity and enables them to follow their passions, gain c onfidence and find support from their peers, families and industry professional. The Idea Funvironment is an online social learning application which provides several workshops and family activities, such as volunteering or lemonade stand for children whilst bridging the gap between children, parents and educators. Funvironment allows children to learn independently and access learning contents anytime and anywhere. The app is free, and it is easily downloadableShow MoreRelatedEssay On A Filipino Doing Business In New Zealand1032 Words   |  5 PagesA Filipino Doing Business in New Zealand: The Personality Encounters Ahead New Zealand is occasionally described as a country of immigrants mainly for the reason that most of the people who are living here came from a different place. (Jones, 2008; US Fed News Service, 2008). Migrating to a different country is already a challenge, starting a business and managing people in diverse cultures would be much more. It is everyone’s dream to be an entrepreneur. Success stories like Bill Gallagher in theRead MoreNew Zealand s Food And Beverage Department1219 Words   |  5 Pagesdepartment that is designed to facilitate innovation in New Zealand’s food and beverage department. It is an easy accessible facility that can provide for small or large companies, even if they are just starting up. The Foodbowl is a national network of science and technology resources that are created to support the growth of both Food Beverage businesses. The FOODBOWL was designed as a facility where any company can produce larger commercial runs of new products for trial marketing and can even capitaliseRead MoreAn International Food Market That Only Hires Individuals Who Are Unemployed Will Help Combat The Social Issue Of Unemployment1729 Words   |  7 PagesThis business evaluation will look at whether or not creating an international food market that only hires individuals who are unemployed will help combat the social issue of unemployment in New Zealand. Unemployment is a huge issue in New Zealand and something needs to be done about it. The idea is to create a market that offers a starting point to the unemployed citizens where they can develop their skills, gain experience and finish with a reference and CV. The concerns of two key stakeholdersRead MoreDesigning New Products That Use Their Components Essay1128 Words   |  5 Pages- Invent new products that use their components as input and Develop other products that are complementary to their components †¢ Customers – the special requirement of the customer can be the new product of the market †¢ Complimentary innovators –for an example Microsoft is a complimentary innovator for Compaq 3. university government and private laboratories – the firms may need related research and development for both basic and applied. 4. other nations and regions – affect the ideas of other countriesRead MoreInnovation And Management Of Technological Development Essay1543 Words   |  7 Pages Proposal to Include Innovation and Management of Technological Development in the New Zealand Technology Curriculum Barbara Clarke TEMS340-16A Our current New Zealand Technology learning area aims to develop in students â€Å"a broad technological literacy that will equip them to participate in society as informed citizens and give them access to technology-related careers† (Ministry of Education, 2007, p. 32). 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Question and Correct Answer - 7042 Words

World culture quiz ï‚ · Question 1 2 out of 2 points | | | Why did the arts develop in Mesopotamia?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | As celebrations of the priest-kings power | Correct Answer: | As celebrations of the priest-kings power | | | | | ï‚ · Question 2 2 out of 2 points | | | What did lost-wax casting enable the Mesopotamian sculptors to create?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | Larger and more lightweight bronze pieces | Correct Answer: | Larger and more lightweight bronze pieces | | | | | ï‚ · Question 3 2 out of 2 points | | | What classic struggle do Gilgamesh and Enkidu represent?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | Nature versus civilization | Correct Answer: |†¦show more content†¦on 16 2 out of 2 points | | | Why during the 8th century BCE were the Kushites able to control Egypt?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | The Egyptians needed stronger leadership to thwart an Assyrian invasion | Correct Answer: | The Egyptians needed stronger leadership to thwart an Assyrian invasion | | | | | ï‚ · Question 17 2 out of 2 points | | | Why did the Egyptians bury their dead on the west side of the Nile?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | Because of the symbolic reference to death and rebirth, as the sun sets in the west | Correct Answer: | Because of the symbolic reference to death and rebirth, as the sun sets in the west | | | | | ï‚ · Question 18 2 out of 2 points | | | Why is Nebamun Hunting Birds a sort of visual pun?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | The artist depicts actions that reflect sexual procreation, not hunting | Correct Answer: | The artist depicts actions that reflect sexual procreation, not hunting | | | | | ï‚ · Question 19 2 out of 2 points | | | What radical change in Egyptian religion did Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) decree?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | He mandated worship of one god exclusively | Correct Answer: | He mandated worship of one god exclusively | | | | | ï‚ · Question 20 2 out of 2 points | | | Why was deciphering the Rosetta Stone so significant?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | The Stone provided the key to readingShow MoreRelatedCosts and Correct Answer1572 Words   |  7 Pagescosts are expensed when incurred. 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Russia’s Economic Future Free Essays

Russia’s economic future Nowadays, Americans always come up with the rise of China and India as new economic powerhouses on the global stage. It’s easy to forget that another superpower in Asia – Russia – occupied the central spot in our nation’s foreign policy consciousness for almost five decades after World War II. But Russia still matters. We will write a custom essay sample on Russia’s Economic Future or any similar topic only for you Order Now In August, global wheat prices surged to two-year highs after Prime Minister Vladimir Putin announced a ban on exports due to weather-driven supply shortages there. And the country remains a dominant supplier of oil and natural gas to the world market. Unlike China, however, the former Soviet Union has not been nearly as successful in making the transition from the communist era to a more market-based economy. According to Russia expert Bruce Parrott, not even the Russians are sure just what they want to be going forward. Although, the Russian economy faces serious challenges. Russian industry is not likely to regain an important role in a global economy that demands peak efficiency. Consequently, the export of primary commodities and raw materials is likely to remain the bulwark of economic development. Primary commodity markets are relatively more susceptible to fluctuations than are industrial markets. Russia is likely to continue to be influenced by economic trends that it cannot control. International investors, including the major investment banks, commercial investors, and companies interested in expanding their businesses in world markets have remained on the sidelines, scared off by Russia’s long-standing problems with capital flight, reliance on barter transactions, corruption of government officials, and fears of organized crime. The Russian government and leading economists in the country have developed an agreement on the need for various kinds of administrative changes. Failures such as corruption are not moral failures, but a failure of administrative structure. There is a consensus that the country needs to strengthen the institutional and legal underpinnings of a market economy. Improving the legal and regulatory structure would provide a reliable framework for improving governance, strengthening the rule of law, reducing corruption, and attracting the long-term capital needed for deep restructuring and sustained growth. The country also needs to improve its tax system to encourage greater tax compliance and a realistic appreciation in the opulation that the people must pay for the costs of a modern society. The government must avoid pressures to use central bank money to finance its budget deficit. Further reforms are needed in the banking sector, including a legal framework to make it easier to close down troubled banks. Any measures aiming to reduce poverty levels among workers are primarily associated with the increase in the official wages d rawn by the lower paid workers, the majority of which are women, and also with the identification and taxation of income in Russia’s informal sector. A positive sign was that in mid-year 2000, the Russian government adopted an official development strategy for the period 2000-10. The strategy identified economic policy directed at ensuring equal conditions of market competition, protecting ownership rights, eliminating administrative barriers to entrepreneurship, making the economy more open, and carrying out tax reform. The strategy identified the creation of an effective state performing the function of a guarantor of external and internal security and also of social, political, and economic stability. The strategy spoke of a â€Å"new social contract† between the more active sections of Russian society and the reformed government. Analysts of Credit Suisse bank believe that in the next 10 years the Russian economy will grow by more than 60 per cent. They base their forecast on the Russian abundant natural resources, the active development of its energy infrastructure, as well as on the country’s strong scientific and technological base in certain industrial sectors. We foresee a bright future for the Russian economy, and we forecast an increase of 4. 9 per cent in 2011 and of 4. 6 per cent in 2012, said the Credit Suisse bank analysts. They believe that the Russian economy will thereafter be growing by 5 per cent annually and they believe that the major reason for the increase in the Russian economy is due to the well developed oil sector, which is still developing steadily. Head of the Russian Academy of Sciences’ institute of economy’s center for comparative study of transitional processes, Leonid Bardomsky has this to say about the forecast of the Swiss analysts: â€Å"The Swiss analysts have made a conservative forecast, taking into account that in the last decade the Russian GDP has doubled. The experts have cautiously predicted an increase of 60 per cent, in view of the fluctuation of oil prices on the global market, where there is the expectation of an increase of 60 per cent which is normal for the sector. Income from oil can guarantee the mentioned 60 per cent increase, but reaching 100 per cent will require the development of nanotechnology†, said Bardomsky. He believes that the Swiss bank has no trust in this and hence its conservative forecast is based on global extraneous developments. Meanwhile, Russia’s economy has many problems also. For example, it remains very vulnerable to external shocks and has not yet been able to develop a stable base for continued growth and poverty reduction. While the data are not yet sufficient to carefully assess the impact of the economic recovery on the enterprise sector, it appears that the rebound in the non-oil/gas traded goods sector has so far been driven by the real depreciation of the ruble and the greater availability of capital. Furthermore, there are indications that industrial growth is beginning to slow. Therefore, maintaining a realistic exchange rate, while controlling inflation, must remain a policy priority for sustaining the recovery and future growth of the real economy. Strong fiscal discipline needs to be maintained. A large swing factor is, of course, the level of capital flight, the reduction of which depends on progressive improvement in the investment climate in Russia. Finally, over the longer-term, Russia’s deteriorating infrastructure is a matter of concern. Russia’s basic public infrastructure—including roads, bridges, railways, ports, housing, and public facilities such as schools and hospitals—was built during the Soviet period. After independence, investment in maintenance and new construction of public infrastructure has fallen dramatically. Russia’s aging physical plant is likely to become an increasing constraint to growth unless an improved investment climate can ensure substantially higher levels of investments than is presently the case. According to these problems, Russia should diversify its economy and not rely solely on oil and gas if it wants to achieve a significant breakthrough; it should continue to keep the ruble weak in relation to other world currencies, to get the best from, the export of its raw materials. The Managing Director of the Department of Global markets of The New York-Mellon Bank, Michael Wolfork, says that in the first half of the New Year, prices of the Russian raw materials will increase as a result of high demands, and it will come about due to the lower exchange rate of the ruble against the dollar. European countries, the U. S and Japan will be buying more Russian goods if the ruble remains weak, said Wolfork. I think the world wants Russia to have a strong economy, to bring benefits not only to Russians, but also to the rest of the world. If the potential of the Russian economy increases, the economies of the rest of the world will likewise be boosted. Financial experts believe that by 2030, the Russian economy will become the strongest in Europe, and this view is backed by experts of Price Water House Cooper in a report circulated in the City of London, the financial center of Britain. It is believed by experts that by 2030, the Russian economy will become the 5th strongest in the world. How to cite Russia’s Economic Future, Essay examples

Theory of Microeconomics Free-Samples for Students Myassignment

Question: The CEO of HAPPY enterprise has decided to change its business strategy from a sales maximising strategy to a Profit Maximising Strategy. Use graphs to support your explanation of the two Methods a company can use to decide on how much it has to produce to ensure it achieves a profit Maximising Output level. Answer: Sales maximisation strategy and Profit maximisation strategy Figure 1: Sales maximisation graph (Source: created by author) Through sales maximisation revenue a firm makes as much as revenue without making a loss. Sales is maximised where marginal revenue is zero. In the above diagram, P0QA is the amount of maximum revenue that the firm can earn. PCMA is the amount of profit. Firm intends to maximise revenue by increasing sales volume at a lower price (Rader 2014). Profit maximisation strategy Figure 2: Profit maximising output and price (Source: created by author) Profit is maximised where MR = MC and produced output is Q2, which is less than revenue maximisation output. PCDB is the maximised profit of the firm. Firm maximises profit by charging higher price and selling lesser output (Waldman and Jensen 2016). Reference Rader, T., 2014.Theory of microeconomics. Academic Press. Waldman, D. and Jensen, E., 2016.Industrial organization: theory and practice. Routledge.

Advances In Medical Technology Essays - Euthanasia,

Advances In Medical Technology Advances in medical technology have done a great deal to produce miraculous cures and recoveries. In some circumstances however, these advances have created problems for the elderly. More aggressive technology approaches are used to extend the life of the elderly. On the whole the elderly, as well as others, welcome that development -- even if they fear some of its consequences. With these advances it has become possible to keep people in a vegetative state for almost unlimited periods of time. Moreover, there are situations in which neither the patient nor the family has the ability to bring such unhappy circumstances to an end. For this reason, advance directives are becoming increasingly prevalent. Advance directives are like living wills. They are documents that a person can complete to ensure that health care choices are respected. An advance directive only comes into play if a person cannot communicate wishes because the person is permanently unconscious or mentally incapacitated. A 1991 law called The Patient Self Determination Act (PSDA) requires hospitals and nursing homes to tell patients about their right to refuse medical treatment. People can put anything in their advance directives. Some people list every medical intervention they do not want, while others want to make clear their request for heroic measures at any cost. It is a way to spell out personal wishes. Advance directives are seen as a way to protect one's legal rights for refusal of treatment. But are advance directives effective in achieving the aim intended? There is evidence both on the Internet, in case study books and magazines to indicate that advance directives alone fall far short of their objective. In very few cases did advance directives have any influence over decisions to withdraw or withhold life prolonging treatment. The statistics in recent studies demand our attention and make us focus on the tension and disagreement that exists between physicians and their patients. The population clearly seeks more control over both their future medical care and also the method, timing, and place of their death. Yet, if one were to really study the publicized statistics, he or she would find that physicians often do not allow patient control. How disheartening for a patient to fear that the doctor cannot be trusted in a matter of such importance. It appears that many doctors, nurses, especially manor care takers, have no respect for their patients' wishes. Nurses as patient advocates have a responsibility to make sure patients' wishes are respected; it is nursing's role to raise informed questions and even objections if a patient's treatment violates the patient's wishes. Without strenuous interventions to improve the situation, a vast effort will be put forth to establish something that basically doesn't work. Evaluations of the reasons for the failure to implement a patient's advance directive would show quite a dramatic grab of attention. When families contradict the patients wishes, physicians take their views under consideration giving them immense weight. After all, who does the physician have to answer to? The living, of course. This is why when the family disagrees with the advance directive, the family's decisions usually win out. Dealing with death and suffering on a daily basis does not make it easy for medical professionals to make decisions about removing life support. Most make an effort to be as dispassionate as possible about such situations so that families can make informed decisions. Another factor for the failure to follow an advance directive was the treating physician's refusal. One reason for the physician's refusal may be reluctance to acknowledge increasing patient autonomy. After all, the medical decision horizon looks substantially different today than it did just a few years ago. Interpreting advance directives can be problematic at times, as when information is lacking, or when a strict reading of the document does not seem to make sense. For example, the advance directive may suggest one course of care, while the physician and/or family believe the patient would in fact have wanted something else. No advance directive can anticipate every situation that could possibly arise. Emergency circumstances can be another barrier to the implementation of advance directives. The emergency room physician treating an accident victim is not really in a

Achieved Status Versus Ascribed Status in Sociology

Achieved Status Versus Ascribed Status in Sociology Status is a term that is used often in sociology. Broadly speaking, there are two kinds of status, achieved status and ascribed status. Each can refer to ones position, or role, within a social system- child, parent, pupil, playmate, etc.- or to ones economic or social position within that status.   Individuals usually hold multiple statuses at any given time- lawyers, say, who happen to devote most of their time to pro bono work instead of rising through the ranks at a prestigious law firm. Status is important sociologically because we attach to ones position a certain set of  presumed  rights, as well as presumed obligations and expectations for certain behaviors. Achieved Status An achieved status is one that is acquired on the basis of merit; it is a position that is earned or chosen and reflects a persons skills, abilities, and efforts. Being a professional athlete, for example, is an achieved status, as is being a lawyer, college professor, or even a criminal. Ascribed Status An ascribed status, on the other hand, is beyond an individuals control. It is not earned, but rather is something people are either born with or had no control over. Examples of ascribed status include sex, race, and age. Children usually have more ascribed statuses than adults, since they do not usually have a choice in most matters. A familys social status or socioeconomic status, for instance, would be an achieved status for adults, but an ascribed status for children. Homelessness might also be another example. For adults, homelessness often comes by way of achieving, or rather not achieving, something. For children, however, homelessness is not something they have any control over. Their economic status, or lack thereof, is entirely dependent on their parents actions. Mixed-Status The line between achieved status and ascribed status is not always black and white. There are many statuses that can be considered a mixture of achievement and ascription. Parenthood, for one. According to the latest numbers gathered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), nearly 50 percent of pregnancies in the U.S. are unplanned, which makes parenthood for those people an ascribed status. Then there are people who achieve a certain status because of an ascribed status. Take Kim Kardashian, for example, probably the most famous  reality television celebrity in the world. Many people might argue that she would never have achieved that status if she had not come from a wealthy family, which is her ascribed status.  Ã‚   Status Obligations Probably the greatest set of obligations are conferred upon the status of parenthood.  First, there are biological obligations: Mothers are expected to care for themselves and their unborn child (or children, in the case of twins, etc.) by abstaining for any activity that could cause either of them harm. Once a child is born, a host of legal, social, and economic obligations kick in, all with the purpose of ensuring that parents act in a responsible manner toward their children. Then there are professional status obligations, like doctors and lawyers whose vocations bind them to certain oaths governing their client relationships. And socioeconomic status obligates those who have achieved a certain high level of economic status to contribute portions of their wealth to help the less fortunate in society.

Organsiational Behaviour Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organsiational Behaviour Assignment - Essay Example In order to achieve this, OB it interprets people-organization relationships existing in any organisation in terms of the whole person, organization, and social system. The main objective of OB is to develop better relationships by achieving organizational objectives, human objectives and social objectives. From its definition, it is clear that OB encompasses many topics that are critical to an organisation such as human leadership, change, behaviour, teams among others. In order to address all these areas, OB requires contributions from various fields. This brings out one character of OB, that is, it is a multi-disciplinary field. There are various disciplines working in the field of OB that have made contributions to the subject. These are psychology, sociology, social psychology, anthropology and political science. These are the major behavioural science Contributions of various disciplines to OB. Psychology Psychology is a science that seeks to understand, measure, explain and ev en change the behaviour of people and animals. The major concern for psychologists therefore is to study of the behaviours of individuals in an attempt to understand them. People in psychology who have contributed significantly and continue to add to the knowledge of OB are counseling psychologists, personality theorists, earning theorists and most important, organizational and industrial and psychologists. Psychology has contributed to OB through many contributions that assisted in forming the study of OB. Examples of areas of contribution include motivation, leadership, learning. personality, perception, training, job satisfaction, performance appraisal, individual decision making. One of the contributions of psychology to Ob is that it has provided a means of measuring leadership effectiveness. according to Baron (2007), psychology has provided various ways of measuring leadership. In relation to this, it has provided way of developing statistical models of behaviours and attribu tes that make up an effective organisational leader. Job satisfaction is among employees is important as it determines the effectives of the organisation. Psychology has contributed to this area by providing a secret oh now an organisation can exploit its employees. Braksick (1999) explains that on how an organisation provides an opportunity and environment to bring out the best in its workforce is certainly its ability to explore the psychology of its employees. Individual decision-making among the members of an organisation affects an organisation. Psychology reveals that the tendencies to make the right decisions or those that will benefit the organisation are attributed to the psychological and the cognitive state of the individual. The statistical works of psychology relates to attitudes of members and this is an important contribution to OB. it directs that how an organization is to reward and manage its members and create policy must include their mindsets and align them to t he objectives of the organization. Psychology has had on important contribution how to achieve optimal performance and efficiency in an organisation by touching on work design so as to meet organisational goals. Through psychology, the management of an organisation is able to understand that the interconnection of an employee and their environment include temperature climate, machinery and that associated stressors

Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Reasearch with Hypothesis Essay

Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Reasearch with Hypothesis - Essay Example the process of research, 57% of those who have passed through the career assessment tests found job during the first month after the research was finished, while only 33% of those who didnt pass these assessment tests were able to find employment. In our research in the attempt to define the effectiveness of the various career assessment tools it was necessary to take into account t the statistical history. It is notable that among the 30 participants, in the period between the pre-test and post-test, two respondents have visited the curses for acquiring new practical skills in connection with their main occupation, and thus it will be difficult to decide, whether their better job search depended on their career assessment use or on the fact that they have visited such courses. The rest of the 27 respondents didnt visit any courses – however, to make the number of participants, who will pass the career assessment tests and those, who wont pass them, one of the respondents, chosen randomly, has been excluded from the research. Thus, the number of participants, which will ultimately define the result of the test, was ultimately decreased to 26. Maturation is the exclusive case of the statistical research and is based on the assumption that the objects of the research tend to improve while the test takes place. In our case with the career assessment, during the period of the three months, while the testing was taking place, it is assumed that it is hardly possible for the objects of the research to significantly improve their knowledge and qualification to the extent which could possibly change the results of the test, not noting the three respondents who visited the courses and have been excluded from the test group for this reason. In the present research there was the high probability that the results of the pre-test evaluation would considerably influence the post-test results for those who would pass the career assessment tests, as these tests presuppose

Ethical And Legal Principles In Nursing | Reflective Essay

Ethical And Legal Principles In Nursing | Reflective Essay This following piece of reflection will be written by using the what model of structured reflection (Driscoll, 2007). The essay will focus on a practice based scenario and will include two ethical principles, these being, Non-Maleficence and Beneficence. It will also cover two legal principles; The Mental Capacity Act and Consent. In order to maintain patients confidentiality (Nursing and Midwifery Council 2008) a pseudonym name will be used throughout this reflective account and the patient will be referred to as Jean. As a trainee assistant practitioner I am accountable in my practice to identify and minimise risk to the patient when carrying out care. It is also my duty to ensure my knowledge and skills are maintained, thus providing equal care to all patients. Furthermore consent must be obtained from the patient prior to carrying out any care. I was asked by the community district nursing team to obtain a blood sample from an 88 year old lady who needed a diabetic review .This investigation will identify any potential problems associated with diabetes (Diabetes UK). Having this test is essential for the well being of the patient. Jean has type 2 diabetes and her condition is controlled by insulin therapy. Having this test is important for the well being of the patient. The nursing midwifery council state that obtaining patients consent is necessary before you can give treatment or care (2002). It is important to obtain consent and failure to do so could be viewed as physical assault on a patient (Lavery 2005). Consent should not be taken for granted and an explanation should be given to the patient prior to the procedure. This ensures that Patients are competent to make an informed decision and have the legal right to decline treatment at any time during their treatment. Jean also has a form of dementia and due to this; she experiences memory loss and confusion. According to Frude the general onset of dementia is one of progressive deterioration in the forgetfulness stages the person experiences difficulty in recalling events (2000.p.285). Within my role as a trainee assistant practitioner I have the responsibility to understand the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and to respect people rights and provide care within the realms of the law. A patient who lacks mental capacity is a person whose brain has been affected from an illness, in this case dementia. The Mental capacity act 2005 is to protect people who are unable to make decision for themselves. The Code of Practice states that last power of attorney can be used to appoint attorney to make decisions about personal welfare (2005 .p120) A person with a personal welfare of lasting power attorney can make a medical or treatment decision for another person. The office of the public guardian has a register for lasting power of attorney this is a legal document which people must be registered (Alzheimers society 2010). It is my responsibility to ensure that patients who lack capacity have the correct support in place so that they can assert their rights. In this case Jean had nominated her daughter to be her lasting power of attorney. Jean now moved in with her daughter and her family. I asked Jeans daughter for permission to take a blood sample from her mother and she gave her consent. However when I approached Jean to explain what I was going to do she seemed very confused and became aggressive towards me. I was told in report that Jean can get confused, but no mention of her being aggressive. I felt very uneasy and made the decision with the support of Jeans daughter, not to take the blood sample. Hendick states the principle of non-maleficence imposes duty to do no harm or to minimize harm (2001 p 22). As Jean was obviously distressed and I did not want to cause her any discomfort I decided not to carry out the procedure. My intention was also not to put Jean or myself at any risk from taking the blood sample as it could lead to either one of us being harmed from a needle stick injury. Hendick states beneficence means that you must act in the way that benefits others, and have both moral and legal duty to do good (2004 p72). Obviously having the test done is in Jeans best interests as her doctor needs to have recent blood values to ensure she is receiving the correct treatment. I believe however, that I acted in Jeans best interests by postponing her blood test to another day finding out from her daughter what the best time of day for Jean, when she would be likely to be more relaxed and approachable. Her daughter had agreed with this decision, another date was arranged As a trainee Assistant Practitioner, I ensure that I abide by ethical and legal principles in all aspects of my role. I feel that it is something that is incorporated into my job often without me even realising. For example, I would never carry out any procedure without gaining the patients consent. This could be verbal or non verbal. I will inform the senior member of staff about the situation I was in and fill in an incident form. I will also insure other team members are aware of Jeans aggression and to ensure that we call her daughter before we visit in the future. Hopefully my next visit will be more successful with better communication skills by planning the visit with her daughter I feel that I learnt a great deal about the Mental Capacity Act through my care of Jean and will continue to increase my skills and knowledge. I will continue to give Jean the care and support she needs. I will ask my Primary Care Trust for any future study days on the Equality Act that has come into force from October 2010, and then I will be able to understand how the act could be relevant within my practice. .

The Sunflower

Melissa Torres Period: 2 2/9/13 The Sunflower Dear Simon Wiesenthal, After reading The Sunflower and having mixed emotions during this book I made my decision. â€Å"What would I have done? † I would have done the same thing you did. Just walk away from all of it. I believe it would be a tough situation to think about and have a response to right then and there. Like Deborah says in her essay, â€Å"The question to be asked is not should the prisoner have forgiven the SS man but could the prisoner have forgiven him? This is obviously saying that no one has the right to forgive anyone on behalf of another. This request brings up several moral questions like, Is it alright to forgive someone who has done no harm to you? Can a person forgive someone on behalf of others? Can anyone really forgive anyone else, or is forgiveness in the hands of a higher power? The soldier asked you for his forgiveness just because you are a Jew, and in the soldiers mind, all Jews are equal. Even th ough you weren’t burned alive, shot dead, or in any other heinous acts in the concentration camps.How could his forgiveness, had he granted it, put the soldier at rest about the hundreds of Jews he has been a party to the murder of? I think you had no right to forgive the soldier. The soldier didn’t commit a crime against you personally, and for you to forgive him would have been an empty phrase with no meaning. The soldier should have asked for forgiveness between himself and all the Jews he murdered. Sven Alkalaj I like that Sven included in his essay what he went through in Bosnia. I agree with Sven that Simon made a good decision not forgiving the soldier.Just as Sven asks in his essay, â€Å"Who is entitled to speak on behalf of the victims? † Simon didn’t have much of a say just because they didn’t torture him. Just like Sven says, Simon was unsure if his response to the dying soldier was okay. It was hard for Simon to get over his response a nd wanted other peoples opinions on his decision. When the nurse attempts to give Simon some of the soldiers possessions. Simon refuses the package. It obviously shows that he didn’t want to do much with the soldiers. The holocaust was a horrible thing, and the killing of thousands of Jews was not okay. Forgetting the crimes would be worse than forgiving the criminal who seeks forgiveness† It is such a atrocious thing, its hard to forget and Sven said it would be bad to forget everything that happened. The Dalai Lama I don’t agree with Lama. He says â€Å"one should forgive the person or persons who have committed atrocities against oneself and mankind. † I am totally against what he says because forgiving the soldier would mean that Simon is okay with what he did. The soldier didn’t really care if the Jew was tortured or not because he just asked the nurse to find a random Jew.I felt like the soldiers apology was a lie and he just wanted to die in peace. But he doesn’t really deserve it after everything he did. Lama also says â€Å"but that is not the Buddhist way,† Lama’s culture is different and believes that forgiveness is okay. But if Simon was to forgive the soldier, it wouldn’t bring back any of the people he killed. The Jews he killed are piled up dead and accepting his apology isn’t going to change a thing. All the awful things that happened will always be in Simon’s mind. Melissa Torres Period: 6 The SunflowerIn The Sunflower, by Simon Wiesenthal the main character, Simon is put in an awkward situation and doesn’t really know how to deal with it. His development from the beginning of the book to the end of the book is kind of crazy. Towards the end of this book he realizes he made the right decision. Simon just needed a little bit of extra help to decipher if what he did was right. With condoning factors supporting the Nazi in The Sunflower is asking for forgiveness bo th out of guilt and amends, there is no possible way to decipher if he should or should not be forgiven.Simon was asked to go clean at a hospital. When he arrived at the hospital the nurse asked him if he was a Jew. Simon said yes and the nurse took him to the bedside of Karl, a 21-year old dying Nazi soldier. Karl was covered in bandages with openings only for his mouth, nose and ears. Karl wanted to tell Simon his story. Karl talked about his childhood and then the conversation came up to him being a Nazi. Karl admitted to shooting a mother, father and their two kids. Karl felt guilty about the hundred of Jews he killed and he didn’t want to die without coming clean to a Jew.Karl asked for forgiveness, he knew he was asking for too much from Simon but without his answer Karl couldn’t die in peace. Simon left the room without a word. When he returned to the hospital the next day, the same nurse came to Simon and told him that Karl had died. Over the next years of the war, time and time again, through all his suffering, Simon thought of Karl and wondered if he should have forgiven him. Over the years, every time Simon would enter a hospital, see a nurse, or a man covered with his head bandaged, he recalls Karl. Many years later Simon questioned whether he had done the right thing.He asked many people about his actions. A few of these people included Jews, Rabbis, a Catholic Cardinal, Christians and even an ex-Nazi. They all had different opinions and different reason of forgiveness. Faced with the choice between compassion and justice, silence and truth, Simon said nothing. Simon always wondered if he had done the right thing. As the book was coming to an end, Simon started noticing that he did the right think not forgiving Karl. Forgiving him wouldn’t bring back any of the people he killed. The Jews he killed are piled up dead and accepting his apology isn’t going to change a thing.Karl didn’t commit a crime against Simon pe rsonally, and for Simon to forgive Karl would have been an empty phrase with no meaning. Karl should have asked for forgiveness between himself and all the Jews he murdered. The main character’s development throughout the book showed that at first Simon wasn’t confident with his decision and always had the situation on the back of his mind. But towards the end of the book, Simon notices he did make the right decision to just get up, walk away without saying a word. Simon basically needed other peoples opinions to see that he had done the right thing.

Impact of the Internet and Media for Modern Youth

INTERNET ON MODERN YOUTH The content of the current media culture is often blind to a young person’s cultural,economic and educational background. The concept of a media culture has evolvedowing to the increased volume, variety and importance of mediated signs and messagesand the interplay of interlaced meanings. In the world of young people, themedia are saturated by popular culture and penetrate politics, the economy, leisuretime and education. At present, the global media culture is a pedagogic force that hasthe potential to exceed the achievements of institutionalized forms of education.AsHenry Giroux puts it:â€Å"With the rise of new media technologies and the global reach of thehighly concentrated culture industries, the scope and impact of theeducational force of culture in shaping and refiguring all aspects of  daily life appear unprecedented. Yet the current debates have generallyignored the powerful pedagogical influence of popular culture,along with the implicat ions it has for shaping curricula, questioningnotions of high-status knowledge, and redefining the relationship  between the culture of schooling and the cultures of everyday life. 6The concept of media culture encompasses not simply symbolic combinationsof immaterial signs or capricious currents of old and new meanings, but an entire wayof life7 in which images, signs, texts and other audio-visual representations are connectedwith the real fabric of material realities, symbols and artificialities. 8Media culture is pervasive; its messages are an important part of the everydaylives of young people, and their daily activities are structured around media use.Thestories and images in the media become important tools for identity construction. A  pop star  provides a model  for clothing and  other style choices, and language used  bya cartoon character becomes a key factor in the street credibility of young people. Under the present circumstances, there are few places left i n the world where onemight escape the messages and meanings embedded in the televised media culture.In a mediated culture, it can be difficult for young people to discern whose representationsare closest to the truth, which representations to believe, and whichimages matter. This is partly because the emergence of digitalized communication and the commoditization of culture have significantly altered the conditions under whichlife and culture are experienced. Many are still attached to the romantic image of  organic communities in which people converse with one another face-to-face and livein a close-knit local environment.Digital communication is gradually undermining thistraditional approach:â€Å"Most of the ways in which we make meanings, most of our communicationsto other people, are not directly human and expressive, butinteractions in one way or another worked through commodities andcommodity relations: TV, radio, film, magazines, music, commercialdance, style, fashion, co mmercial leisure venues. These are major  realignments. † 9In the world of young people, the media culture may be characterized primarilyin terms of three distinct considerations. First, it is produced and reproduced bydiverse ICT sources.It is therefore imperative to replace the teaching of knowledgeand skills central to agrarian and industrial societies with education in digital literacy. A similar point is made by Douglas Kellner, who contends that in a media culture it isimportant to learn multiple ways of interacting with social reality. 10 Children and young  people must be provided with opportunities to acquire skills in multiple literacies toenable them to develop their identities, social relationships and communities, whether  material, virtual, or a combination of the two.Second, the media culture of youth extends beyond signs and symbols, manifestingitself in young people’s physical appearance and movements. The media cultureinfluence is visible in how youth present themselves to the world through meansmade available by prevailing fashions; the body is a sign that can be used effectivelyto produce a cultural identity. Furthermore, various kinds of media-transmitted skillsand knowledge are stored and translated into movements of the body. This is evidentin a number of youth subcultures involving certain popular sports, games andmusic/dances such as street basketball, skateboarding and hip hop.The body is highly susceptible to different contextual forms of control. Whilethey are in school, pupils’ movements are regulated by certain control mechanismsand cognitive knowledge. In the streets, youth clubs and private spaces, however, their bodies function according  to a different logic. Informal knowledge absorbed throughthe media culture requires some conscious memorizing but also involves physicallearning, quite often commercialized. 11Third, in the experience of young people, media culture represents a sourceof pleasure and relative autonomy compared with home or school.As P. Willis states:â€Å"Informal cultural practices are undertaken because of the pleasuresand satisfactions they bring, including a fuller and more roundedsense of the self, of ‘really being yourself’ within your own knowablecultural world. This entails finding better fits than the institutionally or  ideologically offered ones, between the collective and cultural senses  Ã¢â‚¬â€the way it walks, talks, moves, dances, expresses, displays—  and its actual conditions of existence; finding a way of ‘beingin the world’ with style at school, at work, in the street. 12Experts on young people have long appreciated the complexity of the conceptof youth, especially when examined from a global perspective. The best summation is  perhaps that the concept of youth today is historically and contextually conditioned;in other words, it is relative as well as socially and culturally constructed. 13 In the presentmedia culture, the age at which childhood is perceived to end is declining, and the  period of  youth seems to be  extending upward.It is useful, however, to recall that the majority of young people in the worlddo not live according to the Western conceptions of youth. For them, childhood andadolescence in the Western sense exist only indirectly through media presentations. The same media culture influences seem to be in effect outside the Western world,  but their consequences are  likely to be somewhat different owing mainly to variationsin definitions of childhood and youth and to the different authority relationships  prevailing in individual cultures.Children and young people are often seen as innocent victims of the pervasive and  powerful media. In the extreme view, the breakdown of the nuclear family, teenage  pregnancy, venereal disease, paedophilia, child  trafficking and child prostitutionspreading through the Internet, drug use, juvenile crime, t he degeneration of manners,suicide and religious cults are all seen as problems exacerbated or even inflicted upon

Essay about New Approaches in Environmental Education

Education is very important aspect of our lives. It helps us grow and develop and shapes our ethics and morals. We carry these ethics and morals with us throughout life and are what molds us as characters. Our current school system is very superficial and training us for the industrial system. It enforces that we teach more math and science classes to use as tools for our future. With the main focus on these subjects, we overlook other subjects that also play an important role in how we shape our futures. Environmental education is a very important subject that is often overlooked in the education system. Modernization and industrialization has taken a heavy toll on the one thing that sustains our existence. Through our selfish acts,†¦show more content†¦The economy we live in todays primary concern is making profit, whether or not the benefits outweigh detrimental effects of growth on the natural environment. Everything in the world is objectivized. When an object or an ent ity is objectivized, we take away from the being or self and is reduced to merely material, function, or feature. For example, a cow is a living creature that deserves just as much right to inhabit this planet along side us as anything else. From a objectivized stand point, the cow merely becomes an object of property, food. We only look at what the cow can provide for us. Instrumentalism is direct consequence society’s rational anthropocentrism. Humans believe that they are at the top of a value pyramid because of our intelligence and our ability to rationalize and reason everything. Intrinsic value becomes completely overruled by our own intelligence. To view something morally is to view it intrinsically. Unfortunately, humans only apply instrumental value to things. Beings and entities that are unable to reason, automatically fall under society and are reduced to mere instruments. 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